Today in History
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Historic NZ events in December
Dec
1933 First flight from North Cape to Bluff
22-year-old pilot E.F. ('Teddy') Harvie and his passenger, 18-year-old Miss Trevor Hunter, set a record for the longest flight within New Zealand in a single day. They completed the 1880 km journey in 16 hours 10 minutes. more...
Dec
1917 'Six o'clock swill' begins
Six p.m. closing of pubs was introduced as a 'temporary' wartime measure. It ushered in what became know as the 'six o'clock swill', as patrons aimed to drink their fill before closing time. The practice lasted for the next 50 years. more...
Dec
1863 Land confiscation law passed
This law allowed for the confiscation (raupatu) of Māori land to punish North Island tribes which were deemed to have rebelled against the British Crown in the early 1860s. Pākehā settlers would occupy the confiscated land. more...
1960 Bluff Island Harbour opened
The 40-ha man-made Island Harbour, eight years in the making, is the centrepiece of the modern port facilities at Bluff, New Zealand's southernmost commercial deepwater port. more...
Dec
1966 Radio Hauraki rules the waves
The state's monopoly of commercial radio broadcasting was challenged by the pirate station Radio Hauraki's first scheduled transmission from the vessel Tiri in the Colville Channel. more...
Dec
1890 First 'one man one vote' election
From the 1890 election no Pākehā could vote in more than one district, ending the longstanding practice of 'plural voting' by those who owned property in more than one electorate. more...
Dec
1935 First Labour government takes office
The first Labour government assumed office as a result of its landslide victory in November's general election. Led initially by the charismatic Michael Joseph Savage, this government is best remembered for its significant social welfare reforms. more...
Dec
1963 Bassett Road machine-gun murders
The bullet-ridden bodies of Frederick George Walker and Kevin James Speight were found in a house at 115 Bassett Rd, Remuera. Ron Jorgensen and John Gillies were convicted of the killings. more...
Dec
1942 Fire at Seacliff Mental Hospital kills 37
The fire that swept through Ward 5 of the Seacliff Mental Hospital, north of Dunedin, killed 37 female patients. Most of the windows in the ward were locked and could only be opened by a key from inside. more...
1941 New Zealand declares war on Japan
New Zealand's declaration followed the surprise attack on the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. Japan also attacked Hong Kong, the Philippines, Thailand and Malaya. more...
Dec
1899 NZ troops fire first shots during South African War
Having answered the Empire's call to arms against the breakaway Boer states in South Africa, New Zealand troops fired their first shots in anger in northern Cape Colony. more...
Dec
1908 Rutherford wins Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Ernest Rutherford's discoveries about the nature of atoms shaped modern science and paved the way for nuclear physics. Einstein called him a 'second Newton' who had ‘tunneled into the very material of God'. more...
1962 Wilkins wins Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
New Zealand-born Maurice Wilkins and his colleagues James Watson and Francis Crick shared the prize for their studies on the structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the genetic molecule found in all organisms. more...
Dec
1907 Parliament's library escapes great fire
Old wooden buildings and books were a highly combustible combination, and many colonial library collections went up in flames. When a great fire swept through most of Parliament Buildings in 1907, the General Assembly Library had a narrow escape. more...
1931 Statute of Westminster passed
The British Parliament passed the Statute of Westminster, confirming the complete autonomy of its six Dominions. Australia and New Zealand held back from adopting this status, but in 1947 New Zealand became the last of the Dominions to do so. more...
Dec
1961 First Golden Kiwi lottery draw
The Golden Kiwi lottery replaced the euphemistically named ‘art union'. The government saw this new lottery, with its bigger prizes, as a way to regain the ground that had been lost to more glamorous overseas lotteries. more...
1769 De Surville first sights NZ near Hokianga
As James Cook rounded the northern tip of the North Island from east to west, the French explorer Jean François Marie de Surville was in the same waters, sailing in the opposite direction. A storm prevented any chance of an historic meeting. more...
Dec
1939 Battle of the River Plate
The cruiser HMS Achilles goes into action against the German 'pocket battleship' Admiral Graf Spee, becoming the first New Zealand warship to take part in a naval battle.
more...
1642 First recorded European sighting of New Zealand
Towards noon the Dutch explorer Abel Tasman sighted 'a large land, uplifted high'. What he saw may have been the peaks of the Paparoa Range behind Punakaiki. more...
Dec
1843 First Auckland A and P Show
The Agricultural and Pastoral show aimed to demonstrate excellence in agriculture and animal husbandry. These shows became an annual event in communities throughout New Zealand. more...
Dec
1944 Poll tax on Chinese immigrants abolished
The Finance Act (No. 3) abolished the poll tax introduced in 1881, which was described by Minister of Finance Walter Nash as a 'blot on our legislation'. more...
1915 The evacuation of Gallipoli
In a well-planned operation which contrasted sharply with those mounted earlier in the campaign, the troops were successfully withdrawn between 15 and 20 December. more...
1951 Belmont viaduct blown up
The 38-m-high railway viaduct, near Johnsonville, Wellington, was built in 1885 and had not been used since 1937. It was demolished by Army engineers as a training exercise. more...
Dec
1905 All Blacks' 'non-try' hands Wales historic win
A great rugby rivalry was born when a last-minute try to All Black Bob Deans was disallowed, handing the Welsh victory. The incident remains a source of debate amongst rugby fans of both nations. more...
Dec
1889 New Zealand’s own Eiffel Tower opens
On 31 March 1889 Gustave Eiffel's famous 300-m tower was officially completed in Paris. Just 8½ months later a 40-m wooden structure modelled on the tower opened at the New Zealand and South Seas Exhibition in Dunedin more...
1773 Ten crew of Cook's ship Adventure killed and eaten
At Wharehunga Bay, Queen Charlotte Sound, 10 men serving on the ship accompanying Cook's Resolution died at the hands of Ngāti Kuia and Rangitāne. more...
1944 Major Major, mascot of 19 Battalion, dies of sickness
Major Major, No. 1 Dog, 2NZEF, and member/mascot of 19 Battalion since 1939, died of sickness in Italy. He was buried with full military honours at Rimini. more...
Dec
1642 First contact between Māori and Europeans
On the evening of 18 December Abel Tasman and his men had the first known European encounter with Māori. Although this initial meeting was peaceful, misunderstanding and fear soon led to violence. more...
Dec
1941 HMS Neptune lost in Mediterranean minefield
It was New Zealand's worst naval tragedy. When the Royal Navy cruiser HMS Neptune struck enemy mines and sank off Libya early on the morning of 19 December 1941, more than 750 men lost their lives. Among them were 150 New Zealanders more...
Dec
1913 Waterfront strike ends
The Great Strike of 1913, which had begun in late October when Wellington waterside workers stopped work, finally ended when the United Federation of Labour conceded defeat. more...
Dec
1964 NZ whalers harpoon their last victim
More than 170 years of New Zealand whaling history ended when J.A. Perano and Company caught its last whale off the coast near Kaikōura. more...
1971 Full steam ahead for Kingston Flyer
A few months after the last steam locomotives had been withdrawn from this country's scheduled rail operations, New Zealand Railways launched a new tourist-oriented steam passenger venture in the South Island. more...
Dec
1916 Future PM Fraser charged with sedition
Peter Fraser's trial at the Wellington Magistrates' Court was the sequel to an anti-conscription speech. A number of union leaders were charged with the same crime. Fraser was convicted and served 12 months in gaol. more...
Dec
1953 Queen Elizabeth II arrives for summer tour
For New Zealanders old enough to have experienced it, the visit of the young Queen and her dashing husband, Prince Philip, in the summer of 1953-4 is a never-to-be forgotten event. more...
Dec
1953 Tangiwai railway disaster
The worst railway disaster in New Zealand's history occurred on Christmas Eve 1953, when the Wellington-Auckland night express plunged into the flooded Whangaehu River at Tangiwai. Of the 285 people on board, 151 were killed. more...
Dec
1814 NZ's first Christian service?
At Oihi Beach in the Bay of Islands, Marsden preached in English to a largely Māori gathering, launching the Christian missionary phase of New Zealand history. more...
Dec
1879 Sectarian violence in Canterbury
In Christchurch, 30 Irishmen attacked an Orange procession with pick-handles, while in Timaru 150 men from Thomas O'Driscoll's Hibernian Hotel surrounded Orangemen and prevented their procession taking place.
more...Dec
1987 Rewi Alley dies
Rewi Alley, friend of China, died of heart failure and cerebral thrombosis at his Beijing residence, aged 90. A few weeks earlier, Alley had celebrated his birthday with Communist Party General Secretary Zhao Ziyang. more...
Dec
1929 'Black Saturday' - NZ police open fire in Apia
New Zealand had been granted a mandate over the former German colony following the First World War. Growing Samoan calls for independence came to a head during a Mau demonstration in Apia which left 12 people dead. more...
Links
- Influenza hits Samoa
- Black Saturday - NZ in Samoa
- 1929 - key events
- Group photograph of leaders and committee of the Women's Mau (National Library)
- Chief Tupua Tamesese lies in state (Te Ara)
- Robert Logan biography (DNZB)
- George Richardson biography (DNZB)
- Stephen Allen biography (DNZB)
- Mau movement (Wikipedia)
- The Mau (NZETC)
Dec
1880 Tuhiata hanged for murder of Mary Dobie
Tuhiata, known as Tuhi, was hanged in Wellington for the murder of the artist Mary Dobie at Te Namu Bay, Ōpunake. Tuhi wrote to the governor days before his execution asking that ‘my bad companions, your children, beer, rum and other spirits die with me'. more...
Dec
1835 Charles Darwin leaves NZ after 9-day visit
Darwin's visit to the Bay of Islands on HMS Beagle was brief and unspectacular from his point of view. The Beagle's captain, Robert FitzRoy, would later serve as the second Governor of New Zealand. more...
Dec
1853 Grey leaves NZ after first term as Governor
During his first term as governor, Grey was praised for ending the Northern War and obtaining land from Māori, but also angered settlers by delaying the implementation of a constitution that would have given them political power. more...
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