Julius Vogel

Julius Vogel (1835–1899) worked as a journalist and editor in Australia before settling in Dunedin in 1861. He was active in local politics, and in 1863 was elected to Parliament. He regarded the New Zealand Wars as a drain on colonial resources, and pushed for financial and administrative independence for the South Island. He later became a strong advocate for provincial rights.

In 1869 Vogel became colonial treasurer in the Fox government. To revive the failing economy he set up a bold ten-year programme of massive public works and large-scale assisted immigration. This was to be funded by extensive borrowing in the London money market. The rapid and cheap acquisition of Maori land was a key part of this policy, and dramatically speeded up the Crown purchase of land. Vogel and his supporters were certain that Maori and settlers would reconcile when Maori, and their land, became fully integrated in the European economy.

Vogel served on and off in government until 1876, and was Premier for a brief period. His ambitious and revolutionary programme altered the shape of the colony, and he is often described as a major nineteenth-century New Zealand statesman. Many modern historians, however, claim that Maori effectively subsidised Vogel's programme by making available large tracts of land on terms highly favourable to the government. Some observers question whether Maori received enough benefit from his scheme.

• See also: biography of Julius Vogel at DNZB website