Henry Williams treaty copy

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Henry Williams copy of the treaty

Henry Williams, who had translated the Treaty of Waitangi into Māori, sailed from the Bay of Islands on 2 April 1840 with two Māori-language copies of the document. He left one with his brother William Williams at Tūranga (Gisborne) on 8 April. He arrived at Port Nicholson (Wellington) in mid-April, but for 10 days could not persuade chiefs to sign. A meeting was finally arranged on the schooner Ariel on 29 April, when 39 chiefs signed. Another 34 signed at Queen Charlotte Sound and Rangitoto ki te Tonga (D’Urville Island).

In May, Williams received the agreement of chiefs at Ōtaki, Waikanae, Manawatū, Whanganui and Motu Ngārara, a small island off Kāpiti Island. He had intended to take the copy to Otago, but the signatures of South Island chiefs were already being sought by Major Bunbury.

This copy includes the names of several women: Kahe Te Rau-o-te-rangi (4), Rangi Topeora (78) and Rere-ō-maki (120). Pākewa (33) and Kehu (86) may also have been women; Wiremu Kīngi Te Rangitāke’s mother was known by the latter name.

Williams returned to the Bay of Islands with 132 signatures, all with ‘Te tohu o’ (The sign of) written in front of the names. This copy is different from others. It is carefully set out within a double border, and the text is in three columns with symbols and marks to show the principal chiefs of different tribes. The signature of Lieutenant-Governor William Hobson is shaky, as he was recovering from a stroke.

Sheet 8 — The Cook Strait (Henry Williams) Sheet
Sign ordersort descending Signed as Probable Name Tribe Hapū Signing Occasion
1 Tuarau Tuarau Te Āti Awa Ngāti Tāwhirikura Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
2 Te Hiko-o-te-rangi Te Hiko-o-te-rangi Ngāti Toa, Te Āti Awa Ngāti Rārua, Ngāti Te Maunu Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
3 Tungia Tūngia Ngāti Toa Ngāti Te Maunu Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
4 Kahe Kahe Te Rau-o-te-rangi Ngāti Toa, Te Āti Awa Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
5 Te Ware Pouri Te Wharepōuri Te Āti Awa Ngāti Tāwhirikura Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
6 Matangi Matangi Te Āti Awa Ngāti Te Whiti, Ngāti Tāwhirikura, Ngāti Hāmua, Ngāti Mutunga Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
7 Te Tarenga Kuri Te Kāeaea / Taringakurī Ngāti Tama Ngāti Wai Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
8 Te Whakakeko Noa Te Whakakeko Ngāti Tama Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
9 Porutu Te Rīrā Pōrutu Te Āti Awa Ngāti Hāmua, Pūhoromanga, Te Matehou Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
10 Ngatata Ngātata-i-te-rangi Te Āti Awa, Taranaki Ngāti Te Whiti Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
11 Te Puakawe Wiremu Kīngi Te Puakawe Te Āti Awa Te Matehou? Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
12 Napuna Mohi Ngāponga Taranaki Ngāti Haumia Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
13 Wairarapa Wiremu Kīngi Wairarapa Te Āti Awa Te Matehou Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
14 Mohiroa Te Ropiha Moturoa Te Āti Awa Te Matehou Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
15 Te Tute Hōne Tūtenuku? Te Āti Awa? Ngāti Tāwhirikura? Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
16 Ingo Takata Ingo Te Āti Awa Te Matehou Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
17 Paka Pamarihi Paka? / Wī Hape Pākau? Te Āti Awa? Ngāti Tāwhirikura? Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
18 Te Wakatauranga Te Whakatauranga Ngāti Tama Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
19 Hore Hōri Pakihi Ngāti Tama Ngāti Rangi, Ngāti Rongonui Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
20 Pani Pani Wharetītī Ngāti Tama Ngāti Rongonui Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
21 Rawi Aperahama Rawi Ngāti Tama Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
22 Kopiri Hōhepa Kōpiri Te Āti Awa Te Matehou Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
23 Wanga Rota Whanganga Ngāti Tama Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
24 Ngapapa Ngāpapa Te Kēpa Ngāti Tama Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
25 Reihana Reweti Reihana Rēweti Te Āti Awa Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
26 Patuhiki Hōne Wētere Tuhata Te Patuhiki Te Āti Awa, Ngāti Toa Ngāti Kaitangata, Ngāti Tūaho Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
27 Te Huka Te Huka Te Arawa Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
28 Te Kahu Hoani Te Iwikāhu Te Āti Awa Te Matehou Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
29 Kopeka Harawira Kōpeka Te Āti Awa Ngāti Tāwhirikura Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
30 Rerewa Hōhepa Rerewa Te Āti Awa Ngāti Tawhirikura Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
31 Te Puni Hōniana Te Punikōkopu Te Āti Awa Ngāti Te Whiti, Ngāti Tāwhirikura Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
32 Tuhatu Tūhoto Moengarangātira Te Ati Awa Ngāti Tāwhirikura Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
33 Pakewa Pākewa Te Āti Awa Puketapu? Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
34 Popuka Popukā Makere Te Āti Awa Ngāti Te Whiti, Ngāti Tawhirikura Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
35 Toheroa Te Manutoheroa Te Āti Awa Ngāti Kōmako ki Puketapu, Ngāti Hinerauhuia Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
36 Rewa Tāmati Wairuakīngi Ngārewa Te Āti Awa Ngāti Hinetuhi Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
37 Watino Rāwiri Whātino Te Āti Awa Ngāti Mahanga, Ngāti Pōtaka Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
38 Te Tupe Eruini Te Tupe-o-Tū Te Āti Awa Ngāti Rāhiri Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
39 Tiaho Te Teira Tīaho Te Āti Awa Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
40 Tikaukau Tīkaukau Ngāti Tama? Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
41 Te Orakaka Te Orakaka Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
42 Tuterapouri Tū-te-rangi-pōuri Taranaki Ngāti Ruanui? Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
43 Te Tirarau Te Tirarau Ngāti Mutunga, Te Āti Awa, Ngāti Tama Ngāti Hinetuhi Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
44 Ngaoranga Ngāoranga Te Āti Awa, Ngāti Toa Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
45 Hone Hōne Pumipi Te Rau Te Āti Awa Ngāti Te Whiti, Manukorihi Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
46 Inana Pāora Kīngi Hīnana Ngāti Rārua? Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
47 Kaparangi Kaparangi Te Āti Awa Ngāti Rāhiri Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
48 Tapotuku Tapotuku Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
49 Huriwenua Huriwhenua Te Āti Awa Ngāti Rāhiri Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
50 Taukina Pāora Taukina Te Āti Awa Ngāti Rahiri Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
51 Iwikau Pītama Te Iwikau Te Āti Awa Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
52 Punga Wiremu Te Punga Te Āti Awa Ngāti Rāhiri Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
53 Te Rangowaka Pirika Te Rangowaka Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
54 Nga Kirikiri Ngākirikiri Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
55 Potiki Wiremu Pōtiki? Pūtiki? Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
56 Nga Taraheke Ngātaraheke Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
57 Anara Ānaru Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
58 Pikau Tāmati Pīkauterangi Ngāti Mutunga, Ngāti Toa Ngāti Kurī, Ngāti Maunu Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
59 Te Uapiki Hoani Ropiha Te Uapiki Te Āti Awa Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
60 Maru Maru Te Āti Awa? Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
61 Karaka Ngākaraka Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
62 Te Wetu Te Whetū Ngāti Koata, Ngāti Raukawa Ngāti Rākaupakupaku Rangitoto, 11 May 1840
63 Pari Pari Ngāti Koata Rangitoto, 11 May 1840
64 Taropiko Tarapiko Ngāti Koata Rangitoto, 11 May 1840
65 Te Patete Turi Te Pātete Ngāti Koata Ngāti Rakaupakapaka Rangitoto, 11 May 1840
66 Te Rangiahua Te Rangiāhua Ngāti Koata Rangitoto, 11 May 1840
67 Tahanui Tahanui Ngāti Koata Rangitoto, 11 May 1840
68 Orokaka Orokaka Ngāti Koata Rangitoto, 11 May 1840
69 Toitoi Toitoi Ngāti Koata Rangitoto, 11 May 1840
70 Te Muko Matiu Te Mako Ngāti Koata Rangitoto, 11 May 1840
71 Te Ipukohu Te Ipukohu Ngāti Koata Rangitoto, 11 May 1840
72 Te Tihi Hoani Te Tihi Tāwhirikura Ngāti Koata Rangitoto, 11 May 1840
73 Huia Huia Ngāti Koata Rangitoto, 11 May 1840
74 Nukumai Nukumai Ngāti Koata Rangitoto, 11 May 1840
75 Te Rauparaha Te Rauparaha Ngāti Toa Ngāti Kimihia Kapiti?, 14 May 1840
76 Katu Tāmihana Te Rauparaha Ngāti Toa Ngāti Kimihia Kapiti?, 14 May 1840
77 Te Wiwi Hēnare Mātene Te Whiwhi-o-te-Rangi Ngāti Raukawa Ngāti Huia, Ngāti Kikopiri Kapiti?, 14 May 1840
78 Topeora Rangi Topeora Ngāti Toa Ngāti Te Maunu, Ngāti Kimihia Kapiti?, 14 May 1840
79 Te Ruru Āperahama Te Ruru Ngāti Raukawa Ngāti Huia, Ngāti Kikopiri Ōtaki?, 19 May 1840
80 Matia Te Mātenga Te Mātia Ngāti Raukawa Ngāti Pare Ōtaki?, 19 May 1840
81 Kiharoa Kiharoa Ngāti Raukawa Ngāti Pare, Ngāti Huia Ōtaki?, 19 May 1840
82 Te Puke Kīngi Hōri Te Puke-ki-Mahauariki Ngāti Raukawa Ngāti Pare, Ngāti Waihurehia Ōtaki?, 19 May 1840
83 Toremi Horomona Toremi Ngāti Raukawa, Rangitāne Ngāti Kahorotetini Ōtaki?, 19 May 1840
84 Te Ahoaho Kīngi Te Ahoaho Ngāti Raukawa Ngāti Maiōtaki Ōtaki?, 19 May 1840
85 Tahurangi Ihākara Tukumaru Ngāti Raukawa Ngāti Ngārongo Ōtaki?, 19 May 1840
86 Kehu Te Kehu (Te Whetū-o-te-ao ) Te Āti Awa Ōtaki?, 19 May 1840
87 Te Hakeke Kāwana Te Hūnia Hākeke Ngāti Apa, Ngāti Kauae, Ngāti Tauira, Ngāti Rangitumoana, Rangitāne, Muaūpoko Ngāti Kura, Ngāti Kitohu, Ngāti Maikuku, Ngāti Pouwhenua, Ngā Ariki, Ngāi Tapuiti Tawhirihoe, 21 May 1840
88 Taumaru Hāmuera Te Raikōkiritia Taumaru Ngāti Apa Ngāti Tauira, Ngāti Rangiwhakapou, Ngāti Rakei Tawhirihoe, 21 May 1840
89 Mahi Mohi Mahi Ngāti Apa Ngāti Tauira, Ngāti Rangiwaho, Ngā Potiki, Ngāti Rangiwhakaturia Tawhirihoe, 21 May 1840
90 Te Ota Wi Te Ota Rangitāne, Ngāti Kahungunu Ngāi Te Upokoiri, Te Paneira Manawatū, 26 May 1840
91 Paturoa Rāwiri Paturoa Rangitāne, Ngāti Kahungunu Ngāti Hauiti, Ngāi Te Upokoiri, Te Paneiri, Ngāti Hinemanu Manawatū, 26 May 1840
92 Te Tohe Te Tohe Ngāi Te Upokoiri? Manawatū, 26 May 1840
93 Te Wetu Te Whetū Ngāti Raukawa Ngāti Te Ihi Ihi, Ngāti Kauwhata Manawatū, 26 May 1840
94 Tauheke Ihaia Taueki Muaūpoko Manawatū, 26 May 1840
95 Pakau Wi Hape Pākau Te Āti Awa Ngāti Te Whiti, Ngāti Tawhirikura, Ngāti Te Waiponga Manawatū, 26 May 1840
96 Witiopai Whitiopai Ngāti Raukawa Manawatū, 26 May 1840
97 Rere tauwangawanga Te Rere-tā-whangawhanga Te Āti Awa Manukorihi Waikanae, 16 May 1840
98 Witi Wiremu Kīngi Te Rangitāke Te Āti Awa Ngāti Kura, Ngāti Mutunga Waikanae, 16 May 1840
99 Te Patukekeno Te Patu-kēkino Te Āti Awa? Waikanae, 16 May 1840
100 Ngaraurekau Ngā-raurēkau Te Āti Awa? Waikanae, 16 May 1840
101 Te Heke Te Heke Te Āti Awa Patupo Waikanae, 16 May 1840
102 Tuamane Tuainane Te Āti Awa Waikanae, 16 May 1840
103 Ngapuke Ngāpuke / Ngāpaki Te Āti Awa? Ngāti Raukawa? Waikanae, 16 May 1840
104 Te Patukakariki Wiremu Te Patu-kākāriki Te Āti Awa, Ngāti Toa? Ngāti Tuaho, Ngāti Tihina? Waikanae, 16 May 1840
105 Ngakaue Ngākanae? Waikanae, 16 May 1840
106 Pukerangiora Puke-rangiora Waikanae, 16 May 1840
107 Kukutai Paora Kūkūtai Te Āti Awa? Waikanae, 16 May 1840
108 Koinaki Koinaki Te Āti Awa? Waikanae, 16 May 1840
109 Raranga Raranga Te Āti Awa? Waikanae, 16 May 1840
110 Hohepa Matahau Matahau Ngāti Raukawa Waikanae, 16 May 1840
111 Kiha Kiha Te Āti Awa? Waikanae, 16 May 1840
112 Hiangarere Hiangarere Te Āti Awa Waikanae, 16 May 1840
113 Hurerua Urerua? Te Āti Awa? Waikanae, 16 May 1840
114 Te Wehi Te Wehi Te Āti Awa? Waikanae, 16 May 1840
115 Pehi Pēhi Te Āti Awa? Waikanae, 16 May 1840
116 Ketetakere Kete-takere Te Āti Awa? Waikanae, 16 May 1840
117 Te Anaua Hōrī Kīngi Te Anaua Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi Ngāti Ruaka Whanganui, 23 May 1840
118 Tawito Kāwana Pitiroi Paipai Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi Ngāti Ruaka Whanganui, 23 May 1840
119 Te Mawae Te Māwae Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi Ngāti Ruaka Whanganui, 23 May 1840
120 Rere Rere-ō-maki Te Ati Haunui-a-Pāpārangi, Te Arawa Ngāti Ruaka Whanganui, 23 May 1840
121 Te Tauri Wiremu Eruera Te Tauri Ngāti Te Rangi-ita, Ngāti Tūwharetoa, Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi Whanganui, 23 May 1840
122 Rore Rore Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi? Whanganui, 23 May 1840
123 Turoa Te Peehi Tūroa Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi Whanganui, 23 May 1840
124 Taka Taka Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi? Whanganui, 23 May 1840
125 Kurawatiia Kurawatiia Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi? Whanganui, 23 May 1840
126 Te Rangiwakarurua Te Rangiwhakarurua Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi Whanganui, 23 May 1840
127 Uripo Uripō Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi? Whanganui, 31 May 1840
128 Te Hiko Te Hiko-o-te-rangi Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi? Whanganui, 31 May 1840
129 Takaterangi Takarangi Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi Whanganui, 31 May 1840
130 Pakoro Te Pēhi Pakoro Turoa Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi Whanganui, 31 May 1840
131 Te Rangihiroa Te Rangihīroa Ngāti Toa Ngāti Te Maunu Motungārara, 4 June 1840
132 Te Ohu Te Ohu Te Āti Awa? Ngāti Toa? Motungārara, 4 June 1840